Integrated interpretation of pXRF data on ancient nephrite artifacts excavated from Tomb No.1 in Yuehe Town, Henan Province, China

Heritage Science

Dian Chen¹  Yimin Yang¹  Wugan Luo¹  Jingpu Li¹  Baotong Qiao² 

[1] Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origin, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, 100049, Beijing, China;Institute of Cultural Relic Research of Nanyang City, 473000, Nanyang, Henan, China;

关键词: Jade;    Nephrite;    pXRF;    Non-destructive analysis;    Statistical analysis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40494-021-00642-w

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Previous studies of ancient jade using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) have mostly focused on mineral identification, alteration status and provenance determination. It is usually used as an auxiliary instrument for spectroscopic detection with finer resolution. However, there is no substitute for the efficiency and stability of pXRF in-situ non-destructive analysis, which is less affected by the test environment. The scale of the data from the pXRF analysis did not allow for a more in-depth interpretation of ancient jade in the past. In this study, pXRF has been carried out for a total of 112 pieces of nephrite artifacts unearthed from the Yuehe tomb No.1 in Nanyang City, Henan Province, Central China. Certain patterns become clearer as the size of the data increases. The coefficient of variation, cluster analysis and correlation analysis can be used to separate elements into different assemblages, revealing whether the elements are from the primary and impurity minerals of nephrite itself, from the burial microenvironment in the soil, or even from other specific sources. In addition, most of the secondary whitening occurring in the batch of nephrite are accompanied by an increase in Ca content, confirming the previously refuted theory of calcification. More importantly, the principal component analysis of the twin nephrite artifacts suggests visually indistinguishable elemental changes caused by secondary changes, which may lead to misjudgment of ancient nephrite provenance using elemental data.

【 授权许可】

CC BY