Nasopharyngeal colonisation dynamics of bacterial pathogens in patients with fever in rural Burkina Faso: an observational study

BMC Infectious Diseases

Jan Jacobs¹  Liesbeth Martens²  Christa E. van der Gaast-de Jongh³  Jeroen D. Langereis³  Marien I. de Jonge³  Halidou Tinto⁴  Annelies Post⁵  André J. van der Ven⁵  Quirijn de Mast⁵  Bérenger Kaboré⁶ 

[1] Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium;Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso;Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso;

关键词: Nasopharyngeal carriage;    Streptococcus pneumoniae;    Haemophilus influenzae;    Moraxella catarrhalis;    Staphylococcus aureus;    Klebsiella pneumoniae;    Burkina Faso;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-021-06996-7

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundNasopharyngeal colonisation with clinically relevant bacterial pathogens is a risk factor for severe infections, such as pneumonia and bacteraemia. In this study, we investigated the determinants of nasopharyngeal carriage in febrile patients in rural Burkina Faso.MethodsFrom March 2016 to June 2017, we recruited 924 paediatric and adult patients presenting with fever, hypothermia or suspicion of severe infection to the Centre Medical avec Antenne Chirurgicale Saint Camille de Nanoro, Burkina Faso. We recorded a broad range of clinical data, collected nasopharyngeal swabs and tested them for the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Using logistic regression, we investigated the determinants of carriage and aimed to find correlations with clinical outcome.ResultsNasopharyngeal colonisation with S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis was highly prevalent and strongly dependent on age and season. Females were less likely to be colonised with S. pneumoniae (OR 0.71, p = 0.022, 95% CI 0.53–0.95) and M. catarrhalis (OR 0.73, p = 0.044, 95% CI 0.54–0.99) than males. Colonisation rates were highest in the age groups < 1 year and 1–2 years of age and declined with increasing age. Colonisation also declined towards the end of the rainy season and rose again during the beginning of the dry season. K. pneumoniae prevalence was low and not significantly correlated with age or season. For S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, we found a positive association between nasopharyngeal carriage and clinical pneumonia [OR 1.75, p = 0.008, 95% CI 1.16–2.63 (S. pneumoniae) and OR 1.90, p = 0.004, 95% CI 1.23–2.92 (H. influenzae)]. S. aureus carriage was correlated with mortality (OR 4.01, p < 0.001, 95% CI 2.06–7.83), independent of bacteraemia caused by this bacterium.ConclusionsAge, sex and season are important determinants of nasopharyngeal colonisation with S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis in patients with fever in Burkina Faso. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae carriage is associated with clinical pneumonia and S. aureus carriage is associated with mortality in patients with fever. These findings may help to understand the dynamics of colonisation and the associated transmission of these pathogens. Furthermore, understanding the determinants of nasopharyngeal colonisation and the association with disease could potentially improve the diagnosis of febrile patients.

【 授权许可】

CC BY