Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein 2 (pfhrp2): an additional genetic marker suitable for anti-malarial drug efficacy trials

Malaria Journal

Georges Snounou¹  Meram Azzani²  Yee-Ling Lau³  Wahib M. Atroosh⁴  Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi⁵ 

[1] CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA-HB), IDMIT Department, IBFJ, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France;Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Aden, Aden, Yemen;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen;Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;

关键词: Malaria;    Plasmodium falciparum;    Drug efficacy clinical trial;    hrp2;    msp1;    msp2;    Glurp;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-021-04014-4

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundGenotyping of the three Plasmodium falciparum polymorphic genes, msp1, msp2 and glurp, has been adopted as a standard strategy to distinguish recrudescence from new infection in drug efficacy clinical trials. However, the suitability of a particular gene is compromised in areas where its allelic variants distribution is significantly skewed, a phenomenon that might occur in isolated parasite populations or in areas of very low transmission. Moreover, observation of amplification bias has diminished the value of glurp as a marker.MethodsThe suitability of the polymorphic P. falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (pfhrp2) gene was assessed to serve as an alternative marker using a PCR-sequencing or a PCR–RFLP protocol for genotyping of samples in drug efficacy clinical trials. The value of pfhrp2 was validated by side-by-side analyses of 5 admission-recrudescence sample pairs from Yemeni malaria patients.ResultsThe outcome of the single pfhrp2 gene discrimination analysis has been found consistent with msp1, msp2 and glurp pool genotyping analysis for the differentiation of recrudescence from new infection.ConclusionThe findings suggest that under the appropriate circumstances, pfhrp2 can serve as an additional molecular marker for monitoring anti-malarials efficacy. However, its use is restricted to endemic areas where only a minority of P. falciparum parasites lack the pfhrp2 gene.

【 授权许可】

CC BY