The seasonality, steroid use, and lower ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte associated with bacteremia of Listeria monocytogenes in Japan from 2010 to 2019: a case–control study

BMC Infectious Diseases

Yusuke Watanabe¹  Hidehiro Watanabe¹  Itaru Nakamura¹  Yuri Miura² 

[1] Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, 160-0023, Tokyo, Japan;Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;

关键词: Listeria monocytogenes;    Listeriosis;    Seasonality;    Steroid;    Ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte;    Adult;    Asia;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-021-06926-7

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDespite having a high mortality rate, Asian studies about the characteristics of adult listeriosis are limited. We investigated the incidence of listeriosis per admissions, associated factors, and rate of mortality in listeriosis, compared with non-listeriosis.MethodsWe recorded the incidence of listeriosis per 10,000 admissions and conducted a case–control study from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, at Tokyo Medical University Hospital (TMUH) in Japan. Cases were defined as adult with listeriosis that was bacteremia due to L. monocytogenes. Controls, defined as adult with non-listeriosis bacteremia due to other pathogens, were matched by age and clinical department to cases. We analyzed differences in seasonality, including warm season (defined as the period from May to October), medication including steroids, laboratory findings, and mortality. The odds ratio and p value between the cases group and control group were calculated using a chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test.ResultsThe incidence of listeriosis per 10,000 admissions to TMUH was 0.51. Eleven patients, excluding one neonate, were included in the case group. Twenty-six patients, excluding one patient because of contamination and one patient because of insufficient medical record, were included in the control group. Listeriosis onset was associated with the warm season (90.9% vs. 53.8%; p = 0.033), steroid use (54.5% vs. 19.2%; p = 0.042), and a lower ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (9.46 vs. 18.44; p = 0.015). The 30-day mortality rate of listeriosis was similar to non-listeriosis (18.3% vs. 19.2%; p = 0.619).ConclusionThe incidence of listeriosis per admissions in this study was similar to that in other Asian countries. Factors associated with listeriosis were the warm season, steroid use, and a lower ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes. Additionally, the 30-day mortality rate was similarly high in both the listeriosis and non-listeriosis groups.

【 授权许可】

CC BY