Detecting low blood concentrations in joints using T1 and T2 mapping at 1.5, 3, and 7 T: an in vitro study

European Radiology Experimental

Pim A. de Jong¹  Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg¹  Wouter Foppen¹  Flora H. P. van Leeuwen¹  Frank J. Nap²  Clemens Bos³  Lambertus W. Bartels⁴  Beatrice Lena⁴  Kathelijn Fischer⁵  Lize F. D. van Vulpen⁵ 

[1] Department of Radiology, Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Department of Radiology, Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Department of Radiology, Central Military Hospital, Ministry of Defence, Lundlaan 1, 3584 EZ, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands;

关键词: Haemarthrosis;    Image interpretation (computer-assisted);    Magnetic resonance imaging;    Phantoms (imaging);    Synovial fluid;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s41747-021-00251-z

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIntra-articular blood causes irreversible joint damage, whilst clinical differentiation between haemorrhagic joint effusion and other effusions can be challenging. An accurate non-invasive method for the detection of joint bleeds is lacking. The aims of this phantom study were to investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1 and T2 mapping allows for differentiation between simple and haemorrhagic joint effusion and to determine the lowest blood concentration that can be detected.MethodsSolutions of synovial fluid with blood concentrations ranging from 0 to 100% were scanned at 1.5, 3, and 7 T. T1 maps were generated with an inversion recovery technique and T2 maps from multi spin-echo sequences. In both cases, the scan acquisition times were below 5 min. Regions of interest were manually drawn by two observers in the obtained T1 and T2 maps for each sample. The lowest detectable blood concentration was determined for all field strengths.ResultsAt all field strengths, T1 and T2 relaxation times decreased with higher blood concentrations. The lowest detectable blood concentrations using T1 mapping were 10% at 1.5 T, 25% at 3 T, and 50% at 7 T. For T2 mapping, the detection limits were 50%, 5%, and 25%, respectively.ConclusionsT1 and T2 mapping can detect different blood concentrations in synovial fluid in vitro at clinical field strengths. Especially, T2 measurements at 3 T showed to be highly sensitive. Short acquisition times would make these methods suitable for clinical use and therefore might be promising tools for accurate discrimination between simple and haemorrhagic joint effusion in vivo.

【 授权许可】

CC BY