Estimating the costs for implementing a maternity leave cash transfer program for women employed in the informal sector in Brazil and Ghana

International Journal for Equity in Health

Heitor Werneck¹  Ricardo Montes de Moraes²  Mireya Vilar-Compte³  David Aban-Tamayo⁴  Graciela Teruel⁴  Meztli Moncada⁴  Grace Carroll⁵  Rafael Pérez-Escamilla⁵ 

[1] Brazilian Health Insurance Regulatory Agency (ANS), Av. Augusto Severo, 84, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;Alberto Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE), the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Horácio Macedo, 230. Centro de Tecnologia, COPPE/UFRJ, Bloco H, Sala 329. CEP, 21941-914, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;Department of Health, Montclair State University, University Hall 4157, 1 Normal Ave, 07043, Montclair, NJ, USA;EQUIDE Research Institute for Equitable Development, Universidad Iberoamericana, Prolongación Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, 01219, Mexico City, Mexico;Yale School of Public Health, 135 College Street, 06510, New Haven, CT, USA;

关键词: breastfeeding;    maternity leave;    maternity cash transfer;    informal sector;    costing;    Brazil;    Ghana;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12939-021-01606-z

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMaternity leave policies are designed to protect gender equality and the health of mothers in the workforce and their children. However, maternity leave schemes are often linked to jobs in the formal sector economy. In low- and middle-income countries a large share of women work in the informal sector, and are not eligible to such benefit. This is worrisome from a social justice and a policy perspective and suggests the need for intervening. Costing the implementation of potential interventions is needed for facilitating informed decisions by policy makers.MethodsWe developed and applied a costing methodology to assess the cost of a maternity leave cash transfer to be operated in the informal sector of the economy in Brazil and Ghana, two countries with very different employment structures and socioeconomic contexts. We conducted sensitivity analysis by modeling different numbers of weeks covered.ResultsIn Brazil, the cost of the maternity cash transfer would be between 0.004% and 0.02% of the GDP, while in Ghana it would range between 0.076% and 0.28% of the GDP. The relative cost of rolling out a maternity intervention in Brazil is between 2.2 to 3.2 times the cost in Ghana depending on the benchmark used to assess the welfare measure. The differences in costs between countries was related to differences in labor market structure as well as demographic characteristics.ConclusionsFindings show how a standard methodology that relies on routinely available information is feasible and could assist policymakers in estimating the costs of supporting a maternity cash transfer for women employed in the informal sector, such intervention is expected to contribute to social justice, gender equity, and health trajectories.

【 授权许可】

CC BY