Impact of seasonal RTS,S/AS01E vaccination plus seasonal malaria chemoprevention on the nutritional status of children in Burkina Faso and Mali

Malaria Journal

Opokua Ofori-Anyinam¹  Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga²  Frédéric Sompougdou²  Halidou Tinto²  Abdoul Aziz Sienou²  Charles Zoungrana²  Frédéric Nikièma²  Alassane Haro²  Issaka Zongo²  Jean-Bosco Ouédraogo²  Jane Grant³  Paul Snell³  Irene Kuepfer³  Matthew Cairns³  Daniel Chandramohan³  Brian Greenwood³  Paul Milligan³  Mahamadou Kaya⁴  Koualy Sanogo⁴  Amadou Tapily⁴  Modibo Diarra⁴  Seydou Traore⁴  Djibrilla Issiaka⁴  Hama Yalcouye⁴  Alassane Dicko⁴  Ismaila Thera⁴  Abdoulaye Djimde⁴  Issaka Sagara⁴  Christian Ockenhouse⁵ 

[1] GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Rixensart, Belgium;Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., WC1E 7HT, London, UK;Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Science, Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali;PATH, Seattle, USA;

关键词: Malaria;    Nutrition;    Seasonal malaria chemoprevention;    RTS,S/AS01;    Mali;    Burkina Faso;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-022-04077-x

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundA recent trial in Burkina Faso and Mali showed that combining seasonal RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccination with seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) substantially reduced the incidence of uncomplicated and severe malaria in young children compared to either intervention alone. Given the possible negative effect of malaria on nutrition, the study investigated whether these children also experienced lower prevalence of acute and chronic malnutrition.MethodsIn Burkina Faso and Mali 5920 children were randomized to receive either SMC alone, RTS,S/AS01E alone, or SMC combined with RTS,S/AS01E for three malaria transmission seasons (2017–2019). After each transmission season, anthropometric measurements were collected from all study children at a cross-sectional survey and used to derive nutritional status indicators, including the binary variables wasted and stunted (weight-for-height and height-for-age z-scores below − 2, respectively). Binary and continuous outcomes between treatment groups were compared by Poisson and linear regression.ResultsIn 2017, compared to SMC alone, the combined intervention reduced the prevalence of wasting by approximately 12% [prevalence ratio (PR) = 0.88 (95% CI 0.75, 1.03)], and approximately 21% in 2018 [PR = 0.79 (95% CI 0.62, 1.01)]. Point estimates were similar for comparisons with RTS,S/AS01E, but there was stronger evidence of a difference. There was at least a 30% reduction in the point estimates for the prevalence of severe wasting in the combined group compared to the other two groups in 2017 and 2018. There was no difference in the prevalence of moderate or severe wasting between the groups in 2019. The prevalence of stunting, low-MUAC-for-age or being underweight did not differ between groups for any of the three years. The prevalence of severe stunting was higher in the combined group compared to both other groups in 2018, and compared to RTS,S/AS01E alone in 2017; this observation does not have an obvious explanation and may be a chance finding. Overall, malnutrition was very common in this cohort, but declined over the study as the children became older.ConclusionsDespite a high burden of malnutrition and malaria in the study populations, and a major reduction in the incidence of malaria in children receiving both interventions, this had only a modest impact on nutritional status. Therefore, other interventions are needed to reduce the high burden of malnutrition in these areas.Trial registration: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03143218, registered 8th May 2017.

【 授权许可】

CC BY