Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and stroke incidence: a Danish Nurse Cohort study

Environmental Health

Claus Backalarz¹  Amar Mehta²  Ole Hertel³  Steen Solvang Jensen⁴  Jørgen Brandt⁴  Jesper H. Christensen⁴  Lise M. Frohn⁴  Camilla Geels⁴  Matthias Ketzel⁵  Elvira V. Bräuner⁶  Mette K. Simonsen⁷  Heresh Amini⁸  Rina So⁸  Jeanette T. Jørgensen⁸  Steffen Loft⁸  Shuo Li⁸  Zorana J. Andersen⁸  Youn-Hee Lim⁸  Tom Cole-Hunter⁹  Barbara Hoffmann^1,10  Rudi Westendorp^1,11  Laust H. Mortensen^1,11  Christian Dehlendorff^1,12 

[1] DELTA Acoustics, Hørsholm, Denmark;Denmark Statistics, Copenhagen, Denmark;Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark;Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark;Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark;Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, UK;Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;Diakonissestiftelsen, Frederiksberg, Denmark;The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark;Environmental Epidemiology Group, Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;Environmental Epidemiology Group, Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;Centre for Air Pollution, Energy, and Health Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia;Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany;Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark;

关键词: Road traffic noise;    Air pollution;    NO;    PM;    PM;    Stroke;    Ischemic;    Hemorrhagic;    Cohort;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12940-021-00802-2

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundRoad traffic noise has been linked to increased risk of ischemic heart disease, yet evidence on stroke shows mixed results. We examine the association between long-term exposure to road traffic noise and incidence of stroke, overall and by subtype (ischemic or hemorrhagic), after adjustment for air pollution.MethodsTwenty-five thousand six hundred and sixty female nurses from the Danish Nurse Cohort recruited in 1993 or 1999 were followed for stroke-related first-ever hospital contact until December 31st, 2014. Full residential address histories since 1970 were obtained and annual means of road traffic noise (Lden [dB]) and air pollutants (particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm and < 10 μm [PM2.5 and PM10], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], nitrogen oxides [NOx]) were determined using validated models. Time-varying Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) for the associations of one-, three-, and 23-year running means of Lden preceding stroke (all, ischemic or hemorrhagic), adjusting for stroke risk factors and air pollutants. The World Health Organization and the Danish government’s maximum exposure recommendations of 53 and 58 dB, respectively, were explored as potential Lden thresholds.ResultsOf 25,660 nurses, 1237 developed their first stroke (1089 ischemic, 148 hemorrhagic) during 16 years mean follow-up. For associations between a 1-year mean of Lden and overall stroke incidence, the estimated HR (95% CI) in the fully adjusted model was 1.06 (0.98–1.14) per 10 dB, which attenuated to 1.01 (0.93–1.09) and 1.00 (0.91–1.09) in models further adjusted for PM2.5 or NO2, respectively. Associations for other exposure periods or separately for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were similar. There was no evidence of a threshold association between Lden and stroke.ConclusionsLong-term exposure to road traffic noise was suggestively positively associated with the risk of overall stroke, although not after adjusting for air pollution.

【 授权许可】

CC BY