Association between neighborhood social cohesion, awareness of chronic diseases, and participation in healthy behaviors in a community cohort

BMC Public Health

Neil R. Powe¹  Delphine S. Tuot²  Andrew M. Rosenblatt³  Deidra C. Crews⁴  Alan B. Zonderman⁵  Michele K. Evans⁵ 

[1] Center for Vulnerable Populations at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, CA, USA;Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;Center for Vulnerable Populations at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, CA, USA;Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, 1001 Potrero Ave. Building 100, Room 342, 94110, San Francisco, CA, USA;College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;

关键词: Social cohesion;    Kidney disease;    CKD awareness;    CKD;    HANDLS;    Healthy behaviors;    Health disparities;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-021-11633-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundNeighborhood social cohesion (NSC) is the network of relationships as well as the shared values and norms of residents in a neighborhood. Higher NSC has been associated with improved cardiovascular health, largely among Whites but not African Americans. In a bi-racial cohort, we aimed to study the association between NSC and chronic disease awareness and engagement in healthy self-management behaviors, two potential mechanisms by which NSC could impact cardiovascular health outcomes.MethodsUsing the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity Across the Lifespan Study (HANDLS), we cross-sectionally examined the association between NSC and awareness of three chronic conditions (diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and hypertension) and engagement in healthy self-management behaviors including physical activity, healthy eating, and cigarette avoidance.ResultsStudy participants (n = 2082) had a mean age of 56.5 years; 38.7% were White and 61.4% African American. Of the participants, 26% had diabetes, 70% had hypertension and 20.2% had CKD. Mean NSC was 3.3 (SD = 0.80) on a scale of 1 (lowest score) to 5 (highest score). There was no significant association between NSC and any chronic disease awareness, overall or by race. However, each higher point in mean NSC score was associated with less cigarette use and healthier eating scores, among Whites (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: =0.76, 0.61–0.94; beta coefficient [βc]:, 95% CI: 1.75; 0.55–2.97, respectively) but not African Americans (aOR = 0.95, 0.79–1.13; βc: 0.46, − 0.48–1.39, respectively; Pinteraction = 0.08 and 0.06). Among both Whites and African Americans, higher NSC scores were associated with increases in self-reported physical activity (βc: 0.12; 0.08–0.16; Pinteraction = 0.40).ConclusionsCommunity engagement and neighborhood social cohesion may be important targets for promotion of healthy behaviors and cardiovascular disease prevention. More research is needed to understand the different associations of NSC and healthy behaviors by race.

【 授权许可】

CC BY