A Review on Biosensors and Nanosensors Application in Agroecosystems

Nanoscale Research Letters

Mayur Mukut Murlidhar Sharma¹  Pankaj Sharma²  Anupam Patra³  Sahil Mehta³  Vimal Pandey⁴  Baljinder Singh⁴  Azamal Husen⁵ 

[1] Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, 24341, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea;Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, 125004, Hisar, Haryana, India;International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi, India;National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, 110067, New Delhi, India;Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box: 138, Wolaita, Ethiopia;

关键词: Agroecosystems;    Nanoparticles;    Nanosensors;    Biosensors;    Pesticides;    Heavy metals;    Pathogens;    Agricultural production;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s11671-021-03593-0

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Previous decades have witnessed a lot of challenges that have provoked a dire need of ensuring global food security. The process of augmenting food production has made the agricultural ecosystems to face a lot of challenges like the persistence of residual particles of different pesticides, accretion of heavy metals, and contamination with toxic elemental particles which have negatively influenced the agricultural environment. The entry of such toxic elements into the human body via agricultural products engenders numerous health effects such as nerve and bone marrow disorders, metabolic disorders, infertility, disruption of biological functions at the cellular level, and respiratory and immunological diseases. The exigency for monitoring the agroecosystems can be appreciated by contemplating the reported 220,000 annual deaths due to toxic effects of residual pesticidal particles. The present practices employed for monitoring agroecosystems rely on techniques like gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectroscopy, etc. which have multiple constraints, being expensive, tedious with cumbersome protocol, demanding sophisticated appliances along with skilled personnel. The past couple of decades have witnessed a great expansion of the science of nanotechnology and this development has largely facilitated the development of modest, quick, and economically viable bio and nanosensors for detecting different entities contaminating the natural agroecosystems with an advantage of being innocuous to human health. The growth of nanotechnology has offered rapid development of bio and nanosensors for the detection of several composites which range from several metal ions, proteins, pesticides, to the detection of complete microorganisms. Therefore, the present review focuses on different bio and nanosensors employed for monitoring agricultural ecosystems and also trying to highlight the factor affecting their implementation from proof-of-concept to the commercialization stage.

【 授权许可】

CC BY