Inflammation and kidney involvement in human viral diseases caused by SARS-CoV-2, HIV, HCV and HBV

Journal of venomous animals and toxins

article

Gustavo Ferreira da Mata¹  Danilo Euclides Fernandes¹  Eduardo de Paiva Luciano¹  Gabriel Teixeira Montezuma Sales¹  Michelle Tiveron Passos Riguetti¹  Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn¹ 

[1] Department of Medicine (Nephrology), Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp)

关键词: COVID-19;    Glomerulonephritis;    Hepatitis B;    Hepatitis C;    HIV;    Inflammasome;    SARS-COV-2;   

DOI  :  10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0154

学科分类：药理学

来源: BioMed Central

【 摘 要 】

Inflammation is closely related to renal diseases. This is particularly true for renal diseases caused by infections as in viral diseases. In this review, we highlight the inflammatory mechanisms that underlie kidney dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2, human immunodeficiency (HIV), hepatitis C (HCV), and hepatitis B (HBV) infections. The pathophysiology of renal involvement in COVID-19 is complex, but kidney damage is frequent, and the prognosis is worse when it happens. Virus-like particles were demonstrated mostly in renal tubular epithelial cells and podocytes, which suggest that SARS-CoV-2 directly affects the kidneys. SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, which is found in endothelial cells, to infect the human host cells. Critical patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) show an increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ, TNF-α), known as cytokine storm that favors renal dysfunction by causing intrarenal inflammation, increased vascular permeability, volume depletion, thromboembolic events in microvasculature and persistent local inflammation. Besides AKI, SARS-CoV-2 can also cause glomerular disease, as other viral infections such as in HIV, HBV and HCV. HIV-infected patients present chronic inflammation that can lead to a number of renal diseases. Proinflammatory cytokines and TNF-induced apoptosis are some of the underlying mechanisms that may explain the virus-induced renal diseases that are here reviewed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY