Genomic Predictors of Asthma Phenotypes and Treatment Response

Frontiers in Pediatrics

article

Natalia Hernandez-Pacheco¹  Maria Pino-Yanes¹  Carlos Flores¹ 

[1] Research Unit, Hospital Universitario N.S. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna;Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Universidad de La Laguna;Instituto de Salud Carlos III;Genomics Division, Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables

关键词: admixture mapping;    asthma;    genomics;    genome-wide association study;    multiomics;    personalized medicine;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fped.2019.00006

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Asthma is a complex respiratory disease considered as the most common chronic condition in children. A large genetic contribution to asthma susceptibility is predicted by the clustering of asthma and allergy symptoms among relatives and the large disease heritability estimated from twin studies, ranging from 55 to 90%. Genetic basis of asthma has been extensively investigated in the past 40 years using linkage analysis and candidate-gene association studies. However, the development of dense arrays for polymorphism genotyping has enabled the transition toward genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which have led the discovery of several unanticipated asthma genes in the last 11 years. Despite this, currently known risk variants identified using many thousand samples from distinct ethnicities only explain a small proportion of asthma heritability. This review examines the main findings of the last 2 years in genomic studies of asthma using GWAS and admixture mapping studies, as well as the direction of studies fostering integrative perspectives involving omics data. Additionally, we discuss the need for assessing the whole spectrum of genetic variation in association studies of asthma susceptibility, severity, and treatment response in order to further improve our knowledge of asthma genes and predictive biomarkers. Leveraging the individual's genetic information will allow a better understanding of asthma pathogenesis and will facilitate the transition toward a more precise diagnosis and treatment.

【 授权许可】

CC BY