Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Specificity in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease

Frontiers in Medicine

article

Jagadesan Sankarasubramanian¹  Rizwan Ahmad²  Nagavardhini Avuthu¹  Amar B. Singh³  Chittibabu Guda¹ 

[1] Department of Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, United States;Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, United States;VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, United States

关键词: gut microbiome;    metabolism;    ulcerative colitis;    Crohn's disease;    prognosis;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmed.2020.606298

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents multifactorial chronic inflammatory conditions in the gastrointestinal tract and includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite similarities in pathobiology and disease symptoms, UC and CD represent distinct diseases and exhibit diverse therapeutic responses. While studies have now confirmed that IBD is associated with dramatic changes in the gut microbiota, specific changes in the gut microbiome and associated metabolic effects on the host due to CD and UC are less well-understood. Methods: To address this knowledge gap, we performed an extensive unbiased meta-analysis of the gut microbiome data from five different IBD patient cohorts from five different countries using QIIME2, DIAMOND, and STAMP bioinformatics platforms. In-silico profiling of the metabolic pathways and community metabolic modeling were carried out to identify disease-specific association of the metabolic fluxes and signaling pathways. Results: Our results demonstrated a highly conserved gut microbiota community between healthy individuals and IBD patients at higher phylogenetic levels. However, at or below the order level in the taxonomic rank, we found significant disease-specific alterations. Similarly, we identified differential enrichment of the metabolic pathways in CD and UC, which included enriched pathways related to amino acid and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, in addition to other metabolic pathways. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study highlights the prospects of harnessing the gut microbiota to improve understanding of the etiology of CD and UC and to develop novel prognostic, and therapeutic approaches.

【 授权许可】

CC BY