Explorations in Reported Moral Behaviors, Values, and Moral Emotions in Four Countries

Frontiers in Psychology

article

Liisa Myyry¹  Klaus Helkama²  Mia Silfver-Kuhalampi²  Kristina Petkova³  Joaquim Pires Valentim⁴  Kadi Liik⁵ 

[1] Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki;Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki;Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences;Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra;School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University

关键词: guilt;    moral behavior;    secrets;    shame;    values;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661172

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

University students ( n = 758) from Bulgaria, Estonia, Finland, and Portugal were given a list of morally relevant behaviors (MRB), the Schwartz Value Survey (PVQ40) and Tangney’s TOSCA, measuring empathic guilt, guilt over norm-breaking, and shame. A factor analysis of MRB yielded 4 dimensions: prosocial behaviors, interpersonal transgressions, antisocial behaviors and secret transgressions. Prosocial behaviors were predicted by self-transcendence–self-enhancement (SET) value contrast only while the three transgression categories were associated with both SET and openness to change–conservation (hedonism–conformity) contrast. Norm-breaking guilt was more strongly associated with behaviors than were empathic guilt and shame. However, shame was (positively) associated with secret transgressions in three countries, after controlling for values. The associations were strongest in Bulgaria and Estonia while fewer associations were found in Finland and Portugal. The implications of the findings for the cross-cultural psychology of morality are discussed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY