Extensively drug-resistant Haemophilus influenzae – emergence, epidemiology, risk factors, and regimen

BMC Microbiology

article

Su, Pei-Yi¹  Huang, Ay-Huey¹  Lai, Chung-Hsu²  Lin, Hsiu-Fang¹  Lin, Tsun-Mei⁴  Ho, Cheng-Hsun⁴ 

[1] Department of Laboratory Medicine, E-DA Hospital;School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University;Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital;Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, I-Shou University

关键词: Haemophilus influenzae;    Antimicrobial susceptibility testing;    Drug resistance;    Cefotaxime;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12866-020-01785-9

学科分类：放射科、核医学、医学影像

来源: BioMed Central

【 摘 要 】

Concern about Haemophilus influenzae infection has been increasing over recent decades. Given the emergence of H. influenzae with severe drug resistance, we assessed the prevalence of as well as risk factors and potential therapies for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) H. influenzae infection in Taiwan. In total, 2091 H. influenzae isolates with disk diffusion-based antibiotic susceptibility testing from 2007 to 2018 were enrolled. H. influenzae strains resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, levofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole tended to be isolated from patient wards (≧41%), whereas those resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefotaxime, and cefuroxime were more likely to be isolated from intensive care units (approximately 50%). XDR H. influenzae was first identified in 2007, and its incidence did not significantly change thereafter. Overall prevalence of single, multiple, and extensively drug-resistant H. influenzae over 2007–2018 was 21.5% (n = 450), 26.6% (n = 557), and 2.5% (n = 52), respectively. A stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that blood culture (odds ratio: 4.069, 95% confidence intervals: 1.339–12.365, P = 0.013) was an independent risk factor for XDR H. influenzae infection. No nosocomial transmission of XDR H. influenzae observed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing results demonstrated that cefotaxime was effective against 78.8% (n = 41) of the XDR strains. The presence of XDR H. influenzae strains was identified in Taiwan, and cefotaxime was efficacious against most of these strains.

【 授权许可】

CC BY|CC0