Genetic evidence substantiates transmission of Trichinella spiralis from one swine farm to another

Parasites & Vectors

Giuseppe La Rosa¹  Edoardo Pozio¹  Daniele Tonanzi¹  Miroslaw Rozycki²  Ewa Bilska-Zajac²  Tomasz Cencek²  Peter C. Thompson³  Benjamin M. Rosenthal³ 

[1] European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy;National Veterinary Research Institute in Puławy, Al. Partyzantów 57, Puławy, Poland;United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, 20705, Beltsville, MD, USA;

关键词: Trichinella spiralis;    Microsatellite markers;    Genetic structure;    Outbreak;    Pig;    Rat;    Wild boar;    Molecular epidemiology;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-021-04861-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTrichinella spiralis ranks seventh in the risk posed by foodborne parasites. It causes most human cases of trichinellosis and is the most frequent cause of Trichinella outbreaks on pig farms and in wild boar, worldwide. Veterinary inspectors seek the source of outbreaks in hopes of limiting the spread. Established molecular tools are inadequate for distinguishing among potential T. spiralis infection sources because genetic variability in these zoonotic pathogens is limited in Europe. Microsatellite markers proved successful in tracing an outbreak of T. britovi, a related parasite harboring much more genetic variation. Here, we successfully employed microsatellite markers to determine the genetic structure of T. spiralis isolates from two pig outbreaks, discovering notable uniformity among parasites within each farm and discovering an epidemiological link between these two outbreaks.MethodsThe individual larvae from five isolates of T. spiralis from two pig farms and from ten wild boars were genotyped using nine microsatellite markers to examine their genetic structure.ResultsNotably uniform parasite populations constituted each farm outbreak, and the parasites from the first and second outbreaks resembled each other to a notable degree, indicating an epidemiological link between them. Wild boar harbored more genetically variable larval cohorts, distinguishing them from parasites isolated from domestic pigs.ConclusionsMicrosatellite markers succeeded in distinguishing isolates of the highly homogeneous T. spiralis, aiding efforts to track transmission. Each outbreak was composed of a homogenous group of parasites, suggesting a point source of contamination.Graphical abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY