A multi-OMIC characterisation of biodegradation and microbial community succession within the PET plastisphere

Microbiome

Matthew I. Gibson¹  Morgan G. I. Langille²  Robyn J. Wright³  Joseph A. Christie-Oleza⁴  Rafael Bosch⁵ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada;School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada;School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK;University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain;University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain;IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain;

关键词: Plastisphere;    Polyethylene terephthalate;    Plastic biodegradation;    Microbial community succession;    Proteogenomics;    Metabolomics;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40168-021-01054-5

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPlastics now pollute marine environments across the globe. On entering these environments, plastics are rapidly colonised by a diverse community of microorganisms termed the plastisphere. Members of the plastisphere have a myriad of diverse functions typically found in any biofilm but, additionally, a number of marine plastisphere studies have claimed the presence of plastic-biodegrading organisms, although with little mechanistic verification. Here, we obtained a microbial community from marine plastic debris and analysed the community succession across 6 weeks of incubation with different polyethylene terephthalate (PET) products as the sole carbon source, and further characterised the mechanisms involved in PET degradation by two bacterial isolates from the plastisphere.ResultsWe found that all communities differed significantly from the inoculum and were dominated by Gammaproteobacteria, i.e. Alteromonadaceae and Thalassospiraceae at early time points, Alcanivoraceae at later time points and Vibrionaceae throughout. The large number of encoded enzymes involved in PET degradation found in predicted metagenomes and the observation of polymer oxidation by FTIR analyses both suggested PET degradation was occurring. However, we were unable to detect intermediates of PET hydrolysis with metabolomic analyses, which may be attributed to their rapid depletion by the complex community. To further confirm the PET biodegrading potential within the plastisphere of marine plastic debris, we used a combined proteogenomic and metabolomic approach to characterise amorphous PET degradation by two novel marine isolates, Thioclava sp. BHET1 and Bacillus sp. BHET2. The identification of PET hydrolytic intermediates by metabolomics confirmed that both isolates were able to degrade PET. High-throughput proteomics revealed that whilst Thioclava sp. BHET1 used the degradation pathway identified in terrestrial environment counterparts, these were absent in Bacillus sp. BHET2, indicating that either the enzymes used by this bacterium share little homology with those characterised previously, or that this bacterium uses a novel pathway for PET degradation.ConclusionsOverall, the results of our multi-OMIC characterisation of PET degradation provide a significant step forwards in our understanding of marine plastic degradation by bacterial isolates and communities and evidences the biodegrading potential extant in the plastisphere of marine plastic debris.DUzT4fHxhWXYKESh4NsSbiVideo abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY