Salivary exosomal microRNAs as biomarkers for head and neck cancer detection—a literature review

Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Mihaela Hedesiu¹  Cosmin Ioan Faur¹  Rares Calin Roman²  Horatiu Rotaru²  Madalina Moldovan²  Magdalena Chirila³  Ciprian Osan⁴  Ancuta Jurj⁵ 

[1] Department of Oral Radiology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400033, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400033, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400033, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;

关键词: HNSCC;    Exosome;    Extracellular microRNA;    Biomarker;    Saliva;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40902-021-00303-9

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRs) are small, non-coding mRNA molecules which regulate cellular processes in tumorigenesis. miRs were discovered in extracellular environment and biological fluids, carrying marks of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). They were also identified in abundance in salivary exosomes, in which they are protected by exosome lipid barrier against enzymatic injuries and therefore, the accuracy of exosomal miR-based cancer detection increase. This systematic review aimed to reveal and inventorize the most reliable exosomal miRNAs in saliva samples which can be used as novel biomarkers for early detection of HNSCC.Materials and methodsA systematic literature search, according to PRISMA guideline, was performed on Pubmed and Google Academic libraries, based on specific keywords. Original articles published between 2010 and 2021 were selected. The quality of each paper was assessed using the Quality Evaluation Scoring Tool.ResultsAt the end of selection process, five studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies analyzed twelve salivary exosomal miRs, presenting different methods of exosome and miR identification for HNSCC detection. A comprehensive explanation of the miR pathways of action was drawn and illustrated in this review.ConclusionExosomal miRs are promising biomarkers for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer detection. miR-10b-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-200a stand as the most useful ones in saliva sample examination.

【 授权许可】

CC BY