The African Network for Improved Diagnostics, Epidemiology and Management of common infectious Agents

BMC Infectious Diseases

Chantal Akoua-Koffi¹  Vincent Achi¹  Ouffoue Kra¹  Ouattara Bourhaima¹  Armel Poda²  Abdoul-Salam Ouedraogo²  Arsène Satouro Some³  Nicolas Meda³  Firmin Kabore³  Soumeya Ouangraoua³  Jean-Marie Kayembe⁴  Steve Ahuka⁵  Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum⁶  Emmanuel Couacy-Hymann⁷  Siobhan Johnstone⁸  Nicola Page⁹  Grit Schubert^1,10  Sara Tomczyk^1,10  Essia Belarbi^1,10  Tim Eckmanns^1,10  Fabian H. Leendertz^1,10  Marietjie Venter^1,11  Adriano Mendes^1,11 

[1] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bouaké, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire;Université Alassane Ouattara de Bouaké, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire;Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sourô Sanou de Bobo-Dioulasso, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;Hôpital Universitaire/Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;Institut National de la Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;Institut National de la Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;Hôpital Universitaire/Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;Laboratoire National d’Appui au Développement Agricole / Laboratoire Central de Pathologie Animale, Bingerville, Côte d’Ivoire;National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa;National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa;University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa;Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany;University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa;

关键词: Acute respiratory tract infections;    Acute gastrointestinal infections;    Acute febrile disease of unknown cause;    Sentinel surveillance;    Sub-Saharan Africa;    Aetiologies;    Outbreak detection;    Antimicrobial resistance;    SARS-CoV-2;    COVID-19;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-021-06238-w

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIn sub-Saharan Africa, acute respiratory infections (ARI), acute gastrointestinal infections (GI) and acute febrile disease of unknown cause (AFDUC) have a large disease burden, especially among children, while respective aetiologies often remain unresolved. The need for robust infectious disease surveillance to detect emerging pathogens along with common human pathogens has been highlighted by the ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The African Network for Improved Diagnostics, Epidemiology and Management of Common Infectious Agents (ANDEMIA) is a sentinel surveillance study on the aetiology and clinical characteristics of ARI, GI and AFDUC in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsANDEMIA includes 12 urban and rural health care facilities in four African countries (Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Republic of South Africa). It was piloted in 2018 in Côte d’Ivoire and the initial phase will run from 2019 to 2021. Case definitions for ARI, GI and AFDUC were established, as well as syndrome-specific sampling algorithms including the collection of blood, naso- and oropharyngeal swabs and stool. Samples are tested using comprehensive diagnostic protocols, ranging from classic bacteriology and antimicrobial resistance screening to multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) systems and High Throughput Sequencing. In March 2020, PCR testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and analysis of full genomic information was included in the study. Standardised questionnaires collect relevant clinical, demographic, socio-economic and behavioural data for epidemiologic analyses. Controls are enrolled over a 12-month period for a nested case-control study. Data will be assessed descriptively and aetiologies will be evaluated using a latent class analysis among cases. Among cases and controls, an integrated analytic approach using logistic regression and Bayesian estimation will be employed to improve the assessment of aetiology and associated risk factors.DiscussionANDEMIA aims to expand our understanding of ARI, GI and AFDUC aetiologies in sub-Saharan Africa using a comprehensive laboratory diagnostics strategy. It will foster early detection of emerging threats and continued monitoring of important common pathogens. The network collaboration will be strengthened and site diagnostic capacities will be reinforced to improve quality management and patient care.

【 授权许可】

CC BY