Oral Microbiome Analysis in Prospective Genome Cohort Studies of the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Maki Goto¹  Sakae Saito¹  Junko Kawashima¹  Osamu Tanabe²  Yoichi Suzuki³  Riu Yamashita⁴  Toru Tamahara⁵  Hiroyuki Matsui⁵  Akito Tsuboi⁶  Yuichi Aoki⁷  Kengo Kinoshita⁸  Inaho Danjoh⁹  Ritsuko Shimizu⁹  Nobuo Fuse⁹  Atsushi Hozawa⁹  Shigeo Kure⁹  Naoko Minegishi^1,10  Masayuki Yamamoto^1,10  Shinichi Kuriyama^1,11 

[1] Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Biosample Research Center, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Department of Clinical Genetics, Ageo Central General Hospital, Ageo, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;

关键词: 16S ribosomal RNA;    saliva;    dental plaque;    microbiome;    periodontal disease;    prospective cohort;    oral health;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2020.604596

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

A baseline oral microbiome study of the Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (TMM) was planned to characterize the profile of the oral microbiome in the Japanese population. The study also aimed to clarify risk factors for multifactorial diseases by integrated analysis of the oral microbiome and host genome/omics information. From 2013 to 2016, we collected three types of oral biospecimens, saliva, supragingival plaque, and tongue swab, from a total of 25,101 participants who had a dental examination in TMM. In this study, we used two independent cohorts; the Community-Based Cohort and Birth and Three-Generation Cohort as discovery and validation cohorts, respectively, and we selected participants examined by a single dentist. We found through the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing analysis of 834 participants of the Community-Based Cohort Study that there are differences in the microbial composition and community structure between saliva and plaque. The species diversities in both saliva and plaque were increased in correlation with the severity of periodontal disease. These results were nicely reproduced in the analysis of 455 participants of the Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. In addition, strong positive and negative associations of microbial taxa in both plaque and saliva with periodontitis-associated biofilm formation were detected by co-occurrence network analysis. The classes Actinobacteria and Bacilli, including oral health-associated bacterial species, showed a positive correlation in saliva. These results revealed differences in microbial composition and community structure between saliva and plaque and a correlation between microbial species and the severity of periodontal disease. We expect that the large database of the oral microbiome in the TMM biobank will help in the discovery of novel targets for the treatment and prevention of oral diseases, as well as for the discovery of therapeutic and/or preventive targets of systemic diseases.

【 授权许可】

CC BY