Reductions in C‐reactive protein in older adults with type 2 diabetes are related to improvements in body composition following a randomized controlled trial of resistance training

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Mavros Yorgi⁵  Kay Shelley⁵  Simpson Kylie A.⁵  Baker Michael K.⁵  Wang Yi⁵  Zhao Ren R.⁵  Meiklejohn Jacinda⁵  Climstein Mike¹  O'Sullivan Anthony J.²  de Vos Nathan⁵  Baune Bernhard T.⁶  Blair Steven N.⁴  Simar David³  Rooney Kieron⁵  Singh Nalin A.⁵ 

[1] Faculty of Health Science & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast;Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney;School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC;Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney;Faculty of Health Science, School of Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide

关键词: PRT;    Inflammation;    Body composition;    Skeletal muscle;    Adiposity;   

DOI  :  10.1007/s13539-014-0134-1

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Background

Reductions in skeletal muscle mass and increased adiposity are key elements in the aging process and in the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. Systemic low grade inflammation associated with obesity has been shown to accelerate the age-related decline in skeletal muscle. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of 12 months of progressive resistance training (PRT) on systemic inflammation, and whether reductions in systemic inflammation were associated with changes in body composition. We hypothesized that reductions in systemic inflammation following 12 months of PRT in older adults with type 2 diabetes would be associated with reductions in adiposity and increases in skeletal muscle mass.

Methods

Participants (n = 103) were randomized to receive either PRT or sham-exercise, 3 days a week for 12 months. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used to assess systemic inflammation. Skeletal muscle mass and total fat mass were determined using bioelectrical impedance.

Results

Twelve months of PRT tended to reduce CRP compared to sham exercise (β = −0.25, p = 0.087). Using linear mixed-effects models, the hypothesized relationships between body composition adaptations and CRP changes were significantly stronger for skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.04) and tended to be stronger for total fat mass (p = 0.07) following PRT when compared to sham-exercise. Using univariate regression models, stratified by group allocation, reductions in CRP were associated with increases in skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.01) and reductions in total fat mass (p = 0.02) in the PRT group, but not in the sham-exercise group (p = 0.87 and p = 0.32, respectively).

Conclusions

We have shown for the first time that reductions in systemic inflammation in older adults with type 2 diabetes following PRT were associated with increases in skeletal muscle mass. Furthermore, reductions in CRP were associated with reductions in adiposity, but only when associated with PRT. Lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing systemic inflammation in older adults with type 2 diabetes should therefore incorporate anabolic exercise such as PRT to optimize the anti-inflammatory benefits of favorable body composition adaptations.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC   
© 2014 The Authors. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders

Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.