Advances in the cellular immunological pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Min Li¹  Lu-Jun Song¹ 

[1] Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

关键词: type 1 diabetes;    autoimmune disease;    T lymphocyte;    islet cells;    immunological mechanism;   

DOI  :  10.1111/jcmm.12270

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. In recent years, the incidence of type 1 diabetes continues to increase. It is supposed that genetic, environmental and immune factors participate in the damage of pancreatic β cells. Both the immune regulation and the immune response are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, in which cellular immunity plays a significant role. For the infiltration of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocyte, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, dendritic cells and other immune cells take part in the damage of pancreatic β cells, which ultimately lead to type 1 diabetes. This review outlines the cellular immunological mechanism of type 1 diabetes, with a particular emphasis to T lymphocyte and natural killer cells, and provides the effective immune therapy in T1D, which is approached at three stages. However, future studies will be directed at searching for an effective, safe and long-lasting strategy to enhance the regulation of a diabetogenic immune system with limited toxicity and without global immunosuppression.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.