Genetic polymorphisms and microRNAs: new direction in molecular epidemiology of solid cancer

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Ondrej Slaby¹  Julie Bienertova-Vasku²  Marek Svoboda¹ 

[1] Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic;Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

关键词: MicroRNA;    polymorphism;    SNP;    cancer;    risk factor;    diagnosis;    prognosis;    prediction;   

DOI  :  10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01359.x

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

• • Introduction
• • Classification of miRNA-related SNPs
  • - SNPs in miRNA processing machinery
  • - SNPs in pri-, pre-, mat-miRNAs
  • - SNPs in miRNA-binding sites
• • MiRNA-related SNPs and solid cancer
  • - Breast cancer
  • - Colorectal cancer
  • - Lung cancer
  • - Prostate cancer
  • - Renal cell carcinoma
  • - Cervical cancer
  • - Ovarian cancer
  • - Gastric cancer
  • - Bladder cancer
  • - Oesophageal cancer
  • - Hepatocellular carcinoma
  • - Head and neck cancer
  • - Thyroid cancer
  • - Glioma
• • Conclusions and future directions

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which regulate gene expression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may occur in miRNA biogenesis pathway genes, primary miRNA, pre-miRNA or a mature miRNA sequence. Such polymorphisms may be functional with respect to biogenesis and actions of mature miRNA. Specific SNPs were identified in predicted miRNA target sites within 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs. These SNPs have a potential to affect the efficiency of miRNA binding to the target sites or can create or disrupt binding sites. Resulting gene dysregulation may involve changes in phenotype and may eventually prove critical for the susceptibility to cancer and its onset as well as for estimates of prognosis and therapy response. In this review, we provide a comprehensive list of potentially functional miRNA-related SNPs and summarize their importance as candidate cancer biomarkers.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© 2011 The Authors Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine © 2011 Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine/Blackwell Publishing Ltd