Epidemiology of respiratory viral infections in children enrolled in a study of influenza vaccine effectiveness

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses

Alexa Dierig¹  Leon G. Heron¹  Stephen B. Lambert²  Jiehui Kevin Yin¹  Julie Leask¹  Maria Yui Kwan Chow¹  Theo P. Sloots²  Michael D. Nissen²  Iman Ridda³ 

[1] National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia;Queensland Paediatric Infectious Disease Laboratory, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Queensland Children's Health Service, Brisbane, Qld, Australia;Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

关键词: Children;    influenza;    respiratory viral infections;   

DOI  :  10.1111/irv.12229

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Background

Influenza-like illness (ILI) confers a high annual morbidity in young children. We report the epidemiology of ILIs in children who participated in an influenza vaccine effectiveness study during the 2010 Southern Hemisphere influenza season in Sydney, Australia.

Methods

Children aged 0·5–3 years were prospectively recruited from child care centres (CCCs). We classified them as fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated and unvaccinated according to their receipt of unadjuvanted vaccines containing influenza A (H1N1)pdm09. For 13 weeks commencing 30 July 2010, parents reported when their children developed an ILI (fever ≥37·8°C/feverishness plus ≥1 respiratory symptom) and collected nose and/or throat swabs for multiplex respiratory virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Health impacts were assessed by telephone interview at enrolment and two weeks after each ILI.

Results

There were 124 ILIs reported in 105 of 381 enrolled children. Swabs were taken in 117 ILIs: 175 viruses were identified from 103 swabs. Adeno- and rhinoviruses were most frequently identified; 44% of swabs yielded multiple viruses. No virus was associated with more severe symptoms, although rhinovirus-related ILIs lasted longer. Nose swabs had a higher virus detection rate than throat swabs.

Influenza-vaccinated children were 1·6 times (P = 0·001) more likely than unvaccinated children to have a non-influenza ILI.

Conclusion

Adeno- and rhinoviruses were the most common viruses causing ILI. Swabs taken by parents are an effective method for sample collection. Influenza-like illness was more common in children vaccinated against influenza in this observational study, but prior health-seeking behaviour may have contributed to this difference.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.