Trade‐offs in seedling growth and survival within and across tropical forest microhabitats

Ecology and Evolution

Faith Inman-Narahari³  Rebecca Ostertag¹  Gregory P. Asner²  Susan Cordell⁴  Stephen P. Hubbell³ 

[1] Department of Biology, University of Hawaii, Hilo, Hawaii;Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California;Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California;USDA Forest Service, Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Hilo, Hawaii

关键词: Determinants of plant community diversity and structure;    light;    performance rank changes;    plant population and community dynamics;    regeneration niche;    relative growth rate;    substrate;    survival;    topography;    tropical forest diversity;   

DOI  :  10.1002/ece3.1196

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

For niche differences to maintain coexistence of sympatric species, each species must grow and/or survive better than each of the others in at least one set of conditions (i.e., performance trade-offs). However, the extent of niche differentiation in tropical forests remains highly debated. We present the first test of performance trade-offs for wild seedlings in a tropical forest. We measured seedling relative growth rate (RGR) and survival of four common native woody species across 18 light, substrate, and topography microhabitats over 2.5 years within Hawaiian montane wet forest, an ideal location due to its low species diversity and strong species habitat associations. All six species pairs exhibited significant performance trade-offs across microhabitats and for RGR versus survival within microhabitats. We also found some evidence of performance equivalence, with species pairs having similar performance in 26% of comparisons across microhabitats. Across species, survival under low light was generally positively associated with RGR under high light. When averaged over all species, topography (slope, aspect, and elevation) explained most of the variation in RGR attributable to microhabitat variables (51–53%) followed by substrate type (35–37%) and light (11–12%). However, the relative effects of microhabitat differed among species and RGR metric (i.e., RGR for height, biomass, or leaf area). These findings indicate that performance trade-offs among species during regeneration are common in low-diversity tropical forest, although other mechanisms may better explain the coexistence of species with small performance differences.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.