Population genomic analyses of early‐phase Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) domestication/captive breeding

Evolutionary Applications

Hannu Mäkinen¹  Anti Vasemägi¹  Philip McGinnity²  Tom F. Cross² 

[1] Division of Genetics and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;Aquaculture and Fisheries Development Centre, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland

关键词: adaptation;    aquaculture;    captive populations;    ecological genetics;    population genetics – empirical;   

DOI  :  10.1111/eva.12230

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Domestication can have adverse genetic consequences, which may reduce the fitness of individuals once released back into the wild. Many wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations are threatened by anthropogenic influences, and they are supplemented with captively bred fish. The Atlantic salmon is also widely used in selective breeding programs to increase the mean trait values for desired phenotypic traits. We analyzed a genomewide set of SNPs in three domesticated Atlantic salmon strains and their wild conspecifics to identify loci underlying domestication. The genetic differentiation between domesticated strains and wild populations was low (F_ST < 0.03), and domesticated strains harbored similar levels of genetic diversity compared to their wild conspecifics. Only a few loci showed footprints of selection, and these loci were located in different linkage groups among the different wild population/hatchery strain comparisons. Simulated scenarios indicated that differentiation in quantitative trait loci exceeded that in neutral markers during the early phases of divergence only when the difference in the phenotypic optimum between populations was large. This study indicates that detecting selection using standard approaches in the early phases of domestication might be challenging unless selection is strong and the traits under selection show simple inheritance patterns.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.