Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles Against Viral Infections

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Majid Nejati¹  Samaneh Mazaheri²  Zeynab Sadat Seyedi³  Bita Badehnoosh⁴  Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli⁵  Fereshteh Badie⁶  Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi⁷  Javid Sadri Nahand⁸  Michael R. Hamblin⁹  Hamed Mirzaei^1,10  Maryam Ghandali^1,11  Homa Boroumand^1,12 

[1] Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran;Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran;Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran;Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa;Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran;

关键词: viral infection;    chitosan;    nanoparticles;    delivery system;    therapy;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2021.643953

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Viral infections, in addition to damaging host cells, can compromise the host immune system, leading to frequent relapse or long-term persistence. Viruses have the capacity to destroy the host cell while liberating their own RNA or DNA in order to replicate within additional host cells. The viral life cycle makes it challenging to develop anti-viral drugs. Nanotechnology-based approaches have been suggested to deal effectively with viral diseases, and overcome some limitations of anti-viral drugs. Nanotechnology has enabled scientists to overcome the challenges of solubility and toxicity of anti-viral drugs, and can enhance their selectivity towards viruses and virally infected cells, while preserving healthy host cells. Chitosan is a naturally occurring polymer that has been used to construct nanoparticles (NPs), which are biocompatible, biodegradable, less toxic, easy to prepare, and can function as effective drug delivery systems (DDSs). Furthermore, chitosan is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA). Chitosan NPs have been used in drug delivery by the oral, ocular, pulmonary, nasal, mucosal, buccal, or vaginal routes. They have also been studied for gene delivery, vaccine delivery, and advanced cancer therapy. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that chitosan NPs could be used as new therapeutic tools against viral infections. In this review we summarize reports concerning the therapeutic potential of chitosan NPs against various viral infections.

【 授权许可】

CC BY