Management of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Key Focus in Macrolides Efficacy for COVID-19

Frontiers in Medicine

Jorge Pamplona Pagnossa¹  Achyut Adhikari²  Abdelazeem M. Algammal³  Muhammad Zahoor⁴  Suleiman Mustapha⁵  Helal F. Hetta⁶  Ishan Pandey⁷  Aya A. Awad⁸  Marwa A. Zayed⁸  Hazem M. Shaheen⁸  Gaber El-Saber Batiha⁸  Oscar Herrera-Calderon⁹  Sara T. Elazab^1,10  Natália Cruz-Martins^1,11  Kannan R. R. Rengasamy^1,12 

[1] Biological Sciences Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Brazil;Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuwan University, Kritipur, Nepal;Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt;Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan;Department of Crop Protection, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria;Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt;Department of Pathology, Motilal Nehru Medical College, Prayagraj, India;Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt;Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal;Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa;

关键词: COVID-19;    SARS-CoV-2 infection;    macrolides;    azithromycin;    efficacy;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmed.2021.642313

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Macrolides (e.g., erythromycin, fidaxomicin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin) are a class of bacteriostatic antibiotics commonly employed in medicine against various gram-positive and atypical bacterial species mostly related to respiratory tract infections, besides they possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019 and resulted in a continuing pandemic. Macrolides have been extensively researched as broad adjunctive therapy for COVID-19 due to its immunostimulant abilities. Among such class of drugs, azithromycin is described as azalide and is well-known for its ability to decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including matrix metalloproteinases, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8. In fact, a report recently published highlighted the effectiveness of combining azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 treatment. Indeed, it has been underlined that azithromycin quickly prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection by raising the levels of both interferons and interferon-stimulated proteins at the same time which reduces the virus replication and release. In this sense, the current review aims to evaluate the applications of macrolides for the treatment of COVID-19.

【 授权许可】

CC BY