Comprehensive Benefit/Cost Analysis of Utilizing PEV Parking Lots as Virtual Energy Storage for the Energy Supply Sustainability of Future Distribution Systems

Frontiers in Energy Research

Libin Wang¹  Yuqing Wang²  Bo Zeng³  Bo Sun³  Hongwei Mu³  Xuan Wei⁴ 

[1] Economic and Electrical Research Institute, Shanxi Electrical Power Company of SGCC, Taiyuan, China;School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China;Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China;

关键词: grid-connected parking lot;    distribution system;    sustainability;    economy;    plug-in electric vehicle;    virtual energy storage;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fenrg.2021.686890

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The proliferation of plug-in electric vehicles has led to increased public charging infrastructure in cities worldwide. Grid-connected parking lot spaces are the most common charging option due to their technological readiness and convenience of adoption. Since the batteries aggregated by parking lots can be regarded as virtual energy storage, grid-connected parking lots are expected to provide many benefits to the urban distribution grid. This paper proposes a comprehensive methodological framework to evaluate the potential benefits and costs of utilizing grid-connected parking lot infrastructures to promote energy supply sustainability in future power distribution grids. Capacity-value-based and cost-effectiveness indexes are developed, which quantify the potential contribution of parking lots to power supply reliability and the associated economic implications. To realistically describe the available generation capacity of parking lot resources, a comprehensive model is presented, which explicitly considers the impact of external stimuli (incentive rates) on the behavioral patterns of lot users. Vehicle user responsiveness to incentive grades is derived from social field surveys. To conduct the evaluation, a hybrid algorithm based on Monte Carlo simulations is employed. The proposed methodology is illustrated on a real distribution grid in Beijing. The results confirm the effectiveness of our proposed approach and support practical policy suggestions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY