Comparative study on different coupling agents used as surfactants: effect on dispersion properties of TiN nanoparticles

Micro & nano letters

article

Guojun Cheng¹  Jiasheng Qian²  Ru Xia²  Peng Chen²  Jibin Miao²  Bin Yang² 

[1] School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science & Technology;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University

关键词: transmission electron microscopy;    X-ray photoelectron spectra;    Fourier transform spectra;    titanium compounds;    infrared spectra;    hydrophobicity;    contact angle;    nanoparticles;    surfactants;    macromolecular coupling agents;    surfactants;    dispersion properties;    nanoparticles;    γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane;    copolymer;    surface modification;    titanium nitride;    Fourier transform infrared spectra;    X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy;    sedimentation stability experiment;    contact angle measuring instrument;    high resolution transmission electron micrograph;    hydrophobic property;    TiN;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2013.0581

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Background and Objective: Failed intubation is an important cause of anesthetic related mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability to predict difficult visualization of the larynx from the preoperative tests, either Mallampati classification (MPC) and thyromental distance (TMD) alone or in combination.Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the main operation theatre of Liaquat National Medical Hospital and Medical College Karachi from September 2012 to April 2013 after an approval from hospital ethics committee and a written informed consent was obtained, 501 patients meeting the inclusion criteria for a non-emergency elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring tracheal intubation were included in the study. We assessed the two preoperative tests, e.g. MPC and TMD, either alone or combined. Data were collected after induction, laryngoscopy and grading was performed (as per Cormack-Lehane classification). Sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) for each test alone and in combination were determined.Results: Difficult laryngoscopy (Grade 3 or 4) occurred in 55 patients (11%). Used alone MPC and TMDs were associated with poor sensitivity specificity, PPV: Negative predictive value combining Mallampati with TMD – sensitivity decreases but specificity and PPV increases.Conclusion: Our study shows that a combination of MPC and TMD is preferable for assessment of the airway because of its better specificity and positive predictive value than MPC, TMD alone, but the tests alone or in combination have low sensitivity.

【 授权许可】

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