Effect of TiO 2 blocking layer synthesised by a sol–gel method in performances of fluorine-doped tin oxide/TiO 2 /dyed-TiO 2 /electrolyte/pt/fluorine-doped tin oxide solar cells based on natural mallow dye

Micro & nano letters

article

Zouhour Kadachi¹  Moufida Ben Karoui²  Tarek Azizi¹  Rached Gharbi¹ 

[1] Laboratoire des Semi-conducteurs et Dispositifs Electroniques, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Tunis, University of Tunis;Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque, Centre de Recherche et des Technologies de l’énergie

关键词: titanium compounds;    fluorine;    tin compounds;    sol-gel processing;    electrolytes;    dye-sensitised solar cells;    annealing;    electrical conductivity;    carrier lifetime;    semiconductor thin films;    blocking layer effect;    sol–gel method;    titanium dioxide thin film;    spin coating;    photoanode;    dye-sensitised solar cell;    polycrystalline structure;    annealing temperature;    amorphous phase;    electrical conductivity;    activation energies;    ethanol;    absorption spectra;    chlorophyll mixture;    electron lifetime;    recombination process;    open circuit voltage decay measurement;    temperature 300 degC to 400 degC;    TiO2-SnOF;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2015.0154

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

With an ever increasing ratio of advanced age and cardiovascular disease in the population the anesthesiologists often come across patients for elective and emergency surgery, who are on one or multiple anticoagulants. Although the use of regional techniques is a preferred choice of anesthesia in suitable patients, some anesthesiologists prefer combing regional with general anesthesia and/or peripheral nerve blocks. Traditionally patients on anticoagulants have been opted out of regional or nerve block analgesia for fear of hematoma formation, but the recent upsurge in the use of ultrasound has increased the precision in the procedures and the confidence in the performers. This report describes the case of an old lady for lower limb surgery, who was on multiple anticoagulants, and she was successfully anesthetized using combined techniques.

【 授权许可】

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