Effect of surfactant type on the synthesis of nanocrystalline MgAl 2 O 4 and its application as a support for Ni catalyst in the steam pre-reforming of natural gas

Micro & nano letters

article

Ahmad Reza Keshavarz¹  Mansooreh Soleimani¹ 

[1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology

关键词: catalysts;    mesoporous materials;    nanoparticles;    nanofabrication;    Fourier transform infrared spectra;    X-ray diffraction;    differential thermal analysis;    transmission electron microscopy;    porosity;    particle size;    magnesium compounds;    surfactant type effect;    catalyst;    natural gas;    steam pre-reforming;    mesoporous nanocrystalline magnesium aluminate particles;    homogeneous co-precipitation method;    Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy;    BET;    X-ray diffraction;    thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis;    transmission electron microscopy;    TPD techniques;    porosity;    particles size;    carbon molar ratio;    size 14.1 nm;    temperature 550 degC;    MgAl2O4;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2016.0153

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Background: Intrathecal pethidine provides excellent post-operative analgesia but is associated withsignificant nausea, vomiting and other side effects. Present study was done to evaluate the efficacy ofintravenous dexamethasone to enhance post-operative analgesia and to reduce the side effects.Methodology: In this prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study a total of 80patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II, undergoing elective lower limborthopedic surgery under sub-arachnoid block were randomized into two groups. Group C (n=40)received 2 ml saline (as placebo) and Group D (n=40) received 0.1 mg/kg dexamethasone intravenouslyas a bolus before intrathecal anesthesia. In all patients spinal anesthesia was administered with 15 mgbupivacaine and 15 mg pethidine. After surgery, patients were asked to score their pain at 2, 4, 6, 12, 18and 24 hr by VAS score. The presence of post-operative nausea vomiting (PONV), pruritus and respiratorydepression were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results: The pain score on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 6, 12, 18, 24 hours after surgery, mean numberof rescue analgesic doses in 24 hours and the incidence of PONV were significantly lower (p<0.05) indexamethasone group (Group D).Conclusion: Administration of intravenous dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg) just before subarachnoid block isan effective mode of enhancing post-operative analgesia with intrathecal pethidine and it reduces incidenceof PONV.

【 授权许可】

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