Effect of nanoindentation depth and ligament size on mechanical properties of nanoporous silver

Micro & nano letters

article

Zhiqiang Li¹  Xing Lu¹  Qi Wang¹  Siwen Zhang¹ 

[1] Liaoning Key Materials Laboratory for Railway, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University

关键词: silver;    nanoporous materials;    nanoindentation;    hardness;    elastic moduli;    ductility;    brittleness;    nanoindentation depth;    ligament size;    mechanical properties;    nanoporous silver;    hardness;    elastic modulus;    surface size effect;    loading rate;    ductility;    microstate;    brittleness;    macrostate;    Ag;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2017.0745

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Basophils are the most important cells in allergic reactions and secret interleukin 4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) mediators. Theophylline as a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor and silymarin with its anti-inflammatory effects seem to be useful drugs in treatment of allergic reactions. The aim of the present study was comparing effects of theophylline and silymarin on IL-4 and TNFα secretion by human basophils. After isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, three cultures were designed; theophylline, silymarin and control cultures. Cultures were incubated for 15 minutes with theophylline, silymarin and buffer before challenging with bacterial lipopolysaccharide and anti-IgE antibody. IL-4 and TNFα mediators were assessed by ELISA assay and values of each culture were compared with control group. Silymarin and theophylline as potent inhibitors decreased secretion of IL-4 from human basophils significantly (P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively). However, neither theophylline nor silymarin had significant effect on TNFα secretion (P=0.14 and P=0.08, respectively). These data suggest that silymarin and theophylline could regulate the generation of IL-4 from human basophils.

【 授权许可】

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