Graphite carbon coated TiN nanoparticles as high durable oxygen reduction reaction catalyst in alkaline electrolyte

Micro & nano letters

article

Ce Liang¹  Nian Tao¹  Bowen Wang¹  Sen Lin²  Ming Lei¹ 

[1] State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications & School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications;State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University

关键词: nanoparticles;    catalysts;    nanofabrication;    electrolytes;    reduction (chemical);    catalysis;    current density;    durability;    bonds (chemical);    nanocomposites;    graphite;    powder technology;    electrolysis;    protective coatings;    alkaline electrolyte;    one-step solid state method;    melamine;    filmy graphite carbon layer;    methanol tolerant performance;    oxygen reduction reaction catalyst;    powder;    nanocomposite;    long time durability;    graphite carbon coated nanoparticles;    electrocatalytic properties;    surface chemical bonding;    current density;    voltage 0.2 V;    TiN-C;   

DOI  :  10.1049/mnl.2018.5100

学科分类：计算机科学（综合）

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Ebastine (EBS) is a poorly water-soluble antihistaminic drug; it belongs to the class II group according to the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS). The aim of the present work was to enhance the solubility, dissolution rate and micromeritic properties of the drug, by formulating it as spherical crystal agglomerates by Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion (QESD) method. Spherical crystal agglomerates (SCAs) were prepared in presence of three solvents dichloromethane (DCM), water and chloroform as a good solvent, poor solvent and bridging solvent respectively.  Agglomeration of EBS involved the use of some hydrophilic polymers like polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000), polyvinyl pyrrolidine K30 (PVP K30), D-?-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) and ?. cyclodextrin. The pure drug (EBS) and its agglomerates with and without polymers were characterized for their drug content, percentage yield, solubility, in vitro drug release study and micromeritic property as well as by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopic studies, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The results of this work showed that there was a   marketed enhancement in the solubility with improvement in dissolution rate, physiochemical properties, decrease in crystallinity and alteration in the crystal habit of the drug especially in presence of polymers. The best results were obtained with formula prepared by the combination of PEG 4000 and B. cyclodextrin in the agglomeration process of (EBS).

【 授权许可】

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