Self-reported prevalence of periodontal disease among the Spanish population and immigrants: 2006, 2011/12 and 2017: a population-based study

BMC Oral Health

Ángel Gil¹  Jesús San-Roman-Montero¹  Antonio F. López-Sánchez²  Rafael Gómez de Diego²  Diego Gómez-Costa³  Rosa Rojo⁴ 

[1] Department of Medicine Specialties and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922, Madrid, Spain;Department of Nursing and Estomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922, Madrid, Spain;Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922, Madrid, Spain;Faculty of Dentistry, Alfonso X El Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691, Madrid, Spain;

关键词: Periodontal disease;    Survey;    Immigrants;    Population study;    Self-reported;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12903-021-01579-z

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPeriodontal disease is one of the most common pathologies in the population. Self-reporting has been used as a diagnostic tool in large populations, among other reasons, to detect the needs of potentially vulnerable groups. This study evaluated the prevalence of periodontal disease in people of Spanish nationality and immigrants in Spain.MethodsThis population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out using data obtained from National Health Interview Surveys (NHSs) carried out in 2006, 2011/2012 and 2017 in Spain. Subjects aged 16 years and older were included in the NHS-2006 and aged 15 years and older were included in the other NHSs. The following variables were self-reported by the participants: gum bleeding, tooth mobility, tooth extraction and missing teeth. Chi-square homogeneity tests were performed to assess the main associations between the independent variable (nationality) and the dependent variables (bleeding gums, tooth mobility, tooth extraction and missing teeth). Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the influences of the variables age and sex and their interactions on the main associations.ResultsA total of 115,123 participants were included in the NHS-2006 (n = 37,327, 11.38% immigrants), NHS-2011/12 (n = 38,727, 14.39% immigrants) and NHS-2017 (n = 39,069, 13.71% immigrants). The variables directly related to periodontal disease were gum bleeding and tooth mobility. These were significantly associated with nationality in the NHS-2006 and NHS-2017 cohorts. In the NHS-2011/12 cohort, only tooth mobility was associated with nationality. After adjustments for sex, age, and their interactions, immigrant status was associated with increased odds of bleeding in only the NHS-2006 cohort (RR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.38–1.99, p = 0.000).ConclusionImmigrants in Spain have a lower probability of developing signs associated with periodontal disease than the Spanish population. Among the immigrant cohort, females and those in adult age groups had lower prevalence rates than their counterparts.

【 授权许可】

CC BY