A proposed modulatory role of the endocannabinoid system on adipose tissue metabolism and appetite in periparturient dairy cows

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

G. Andres Contreras¹  Madison N. Myers¹  Maya Zachut²  Joseph Tam³ 

[1] Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA;Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization / Volcani Center, 7505101, Rishon LeZion, Israel;Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel;

关键词: Adipogenesis;    Adipose tissue;    Dairy cow health;    Endocannabinoids;    Endocannabinoid system;    Lipogenesis;    Lipolysis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40104-021-00549-3

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

To sustain the nutrient demands of rapid fetal growth, parturition, and milk synthesis, periparturient dairy cows mobilize adipose tissue fatty acid stores through lipolysis. This process induces an inflammatory response within AT that is resolved as lactation progresses; however, excessive and protracted lipolysis compounds the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The suppression of lipolytic action and inflammation, along with amplification of adipogenesis and lipogenesis, serve as prospective therapeutic targets for improving the health of periparturient dairy cows. Generally, the activation of cannabinoid receptors by endocannabinoids enhances adipogenesis and lipogenesis, suppresses lipolysis, and increases appetite in mammals. These biological effects of activating the endocannabinoid system open the possibility of harnessing the endocannabinoid system through nutritional intervention in dairy herds as a potential tool to improve dairy cows’ health, although much is still to be revealed in this context. This review summarizes the current knowledge surrounding the components of the endocannabinoid system, elaborates on the metabolic effects of its activation, and explores the potential to modulate its activity in periparturient dairy cows.

【 授权许可】

CC BY