Interferons and beyond: Induction of antiretroviral restriction factors

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

article

Dominik Hotter¹  Frank Kirchhoff¹ 

[1] Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center

关键词: innate immunity;    viral pathogens;    cytokines;    antiviral state;   

DOI  :  10.1002/JLB.3MR0717-307R

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Antiviral restriction factors are structurally and functionally diverse cellular proteins that play a key role in the first line of defense against viral pathogens. Although many cell types constitutively express restriction factors at low levels, their induction in response to viral exposure and replication is often required for potent control and repulse of the invading pathogens. It is well established that type I IFNs efficiently induce antiviral restriction factors. Accumulating evidence suggests that other types of IFN, as well as specific cytokines, such as IL-27, and other activators of the cell are also capable of enhancing the expression of restriction factors and hence to establish an antiviral cellular state. Agents that efficiently induce restriction factors, increase their activity, and/or render them resistant against viral antagonists without causing general inflammation and significant side effects hold some promise for novel therapeutic or preventive strategies. In the present review, we summarize some of the current knowledge on the induction of antiretroviral restriction factors and perspectives for therapeutic application.

【 授权许可】

CC BY