Isolation and characterization of exosomes for cancer research

Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Shun Wang¹  Wen-Wei Zhu¹  Xiao-Tian Shen¹  Lu Lu¹  Hao-Ting Sun¹  Bei-Yuan Hu¹  Hu-liang Jia¹  Chao-Qun Wang¹  Yan Geng¹  Yan Zheng¹  Le Zhu¹  Wei Qin¹  Yan Fu¹  Tian-Tian Zou¹  Qiong-Zhu Dong²  Lun-Xiu Qin²  Sheng-Lin Huang³ 

[1] Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), 200040, Shanghai, China;Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, 12 Urumqi Road (M), 200040, Shanghai, China;Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, 200032, Shanghai, China;Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 131 Dong An Road, 200032, Shanghai, China;Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China;

关键词: Exosomes;    Cancer;    Isolation;    Characterization;    Biomarker;    Therapy;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13045-020-00987-y

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles that carry specific combinations of proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, and lipids. Mounting evidence suggests that exosomes participate in intercellular communication and act as important molecular vehicles in the regulation of numerous physiological and pathological processes, including cancer development. Exosomes are released by various cell types under both normal and pathological conditions, and they can be found in multiple bodily fluids. Moreover, exosomes carrying a wide variety of important macromolecules provide a window into altered cellular or tissue states. Their presence in biological fluids renders them an attractive, minimally invasive approach for liquid biopsies with potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prediction, and surveillance. Due to their biocompatibility and low immunogenicity and cytotoxicity, exosomes have potential clinical applications in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. Here, we summarize recent advances in various technologies for exosome isolation for cancer research. We outline the functions of exosomes in regulating tumor metastasis, drug resistance, and immune modulation in the context of cancer development. Finally, we discuss prospects and challenges for the clinical development of exosome-based liquid biopsies and therapeutics.

【 授权许可】

CC BY