Multidrug efflux systems in Gram-negative bacteria

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira²  Edmar Chartone De Souza¹  Célia Alencar De Moraes² 

[1] ,Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária Laboratório de Microbiologia Industrial Viçosa MG ,Brasil

关键词: Gram-negative bacteria;    multidrug efflux systems;    antimicrobials;    transport proteins;    multiresistance;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S1517-83822004000100003

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Multidrug efflux mechanisms in bacteria contribute significantly to intrinsic and acquired resistance to antimicrobial agents. Genome analysis have confirmed the broad distribution of these systems in Gram-negative as well as in Gram-positive bacteria. Among resistance mechanisms, the multidrug efflux system or pump deserves special attention, since a cell that has acquired it can simultaneously diminish or even suppress the susceptibility to a wide range of antimicrobials. The efflux system is mediated by transport proteins which confer resistance to toxic compounds. In Gram-negative bacteria, a tripartite efflux system is necessary to expel the drug to the outer medium: a protein localized in the cytoplasmic membrane; another in the periplasmatic space (membrane fusion protein - MFP); and a third in the outer membrane (outer membrane factor - OMF). The drug transport is active, and depends either on the energy provided by ATP hydrolysis or is directly driven by the proton motive force. The transport proteins are grouped in families, according to the homology of the amino acid sequences and to similarity of mechanisms. Among Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have most of the hitherto identified and studied multidrug efflux systems.

【 授权许可】

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