Malaria in pregnant women living in areas of low transmission on the southeast Brazilian Coast: molecular diagnosis and humoural immunity profile

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

Angélica Domingues Hristov¹  Maria Carmen Arroyo Sanchez¹  José Jarbas Bittencourt Ferreira¹  Giselle Fernandes Maciel De Castro Lima¹  Juliana Inoue¹  Maria De Jesus Costa-nascimento¹  Arianni Rondelli Sanchez¹  Eduardo Milton Ramos-sanchez¹  Silvia Maria Di Santi¹ 

关键词: autochthonous malaria;    pregnancy;    molecular diagnostic techniques;    humoural;    immunity;    asymptomatic infections;   

DOI  :  10.1590/0074-0276140229

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

Studies on autochthonous malaria in low-transmission areas in Brazil have acquired epidemiological relevance because they suggest continued transmission in what remains of the Atlantic Forest. In the southeastern portion of the state of São Paulo, outbreaks in the municipality of Juquitiba have been the focus of studies on the prevalence of Plasmodium, including asymptomatic cases. Data on the occurrence of the disease or the presence of antiplasmodial antibodies in pregnant women from this region have not previously been described. Although Plasmodium falciparum in pregnant women has been widely addressed in the literature, the interaction of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae with this cohort has been poorly explored to date. We monitored the circulation of Plasmodium in pregnant women in health facilities located in Juquitiba using thick blood film and molecular protocols, as well as immunological assays, to evaluate humoural immune parameters. Through real-time and nested polymerase chain reaction, P. vivax and P. malariae were detected for the first time in pregnant women, with a positivity of 5.6%. Immunoassays revealed the presence of IgG antibodies: 44% for ELISA-Pv, 38.4% for SD-Bioline-Pv and 18.4% for indirect immunofluorescence assay-Pm. The high prevalence of antibodies showed significant exposure of this population to Plasmodium. In regions with similar profiles, testing for a malaria diagnosis might be indicated in prenatal care.

【 授权许可】

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