Advantages of the rapid HIV-1 test in occupational accidents with potentially contaminated material among health workers

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

Alcyone Artioli Machado²  Roberto Martinez²  Amira Aparecida Haikal¹  Marta Cristina Vicente Rodrigues Da Silva¹ 

[1] ,University of São Paulo Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto Ribeirão Preto SP ,Brazil

关键词: Health care workers;    Occupational exposures;    Immunoabsorption test;    ELISA;    HIV-1;    AIDS;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0036-46652001000400004

来源: SciELO

【 摘 要 】

In occupational accidents involving health professionals handling potentially contaminated material, the decision to start or to continue prophylactic medication against infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been based on the ELISA test applied to a blood sample from the source patient. In order to rationalize the prophylactic use of antiretroviral agents, a rapid serologic diagnostic test of HIV infection was tested by the enzymatic immunoabsorption method (SUDS HIV 1+2, MUREX®) and compared to conventional ELISA (Abbott HIV-1/ HIV-2 3rd Generation plus EIA®). A total of 592 cases of occupational accidents were recorded at the University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto from July 1998 to April 1999. Of these, 109 were simultaneously evaluated by the rapid test and by ELISA HIV. The rapid test was positive in three cases and was confirmed by ELISA and in one the result was inconclusive and later found to be negative by ELISA. In the 106 accidents in which the rapid test was negative no prophylactic medication was instituted, with an estimated reduction in costs of US$ 2,889.35. In addition to this advantage, the good correlation of the rapid test with ELISA, the shorter duration of stress and the absence of exposure of the health worker to the adverse effects of antiretroviral agents suggest the adoption of this test in Programs of Attention to Accidents with Potentially Contaminated Material.

【 授权许可】

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