A Systems Dynamics Approach to Explore Traffic Congestion and Air Pollution Link in the City of Accra, Ghana

Sustainability

Frederick A. Armah²  David O. Yawson¹ 

[1] School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; E-Mail:;Department of Environmental Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; E-Mail:

关键词: traffic congestion;    atmospheric pollution;    policy;    system dynamics;    urban planning;    Ghana;   

DOI  :  10.3390/su2010252

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Economic development and urbanization poses myriad challenges to transportation systems in relation to negative externalities such as traffic congestion and environmental health risks. Accra, the capital of Ghana, faces mounting urban planning problems, for example traffic congestion, air pollution, traffic safety, and land use planning, among others. The paper aims to provide a system dynamics perspective of the problems. Most of the drivers and cause-effect relationships of traffic congestion and its attendant air pollution are investigated and analyzed using causal loop diagrams. The paper further suggests mechanisms by which the negative externalities associated with road transport in the city of Accra can be addressed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2010 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.