The Impact of Ocean Acidification on Reproduction, Early Development and Settlement of Marine Organisms

Water

Pauline M. Ross¹  Laura Parker¹  Wayne A. O’Connor¹ 

[1] ¹School of Science, College of Health and Science, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC 1797, Australia ²Industry and Investment NSW, Port Stephens Fisheries Centre, Taylors Beach, New South Wales 2316, Australia

关键词: ocean acidification;    temperature;    reproduction;    larvae;    settlement;    review;    echinoderms;    molluscs;    crustaceans;    fish;    corals;   

DOI  :  10.3390/w3041005

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Predicting the impact of warming and acidifying on oceans on the early development life history stages of invertebrates although difficult, is essential in order to anticipate the severity and consequences of future climate change. This review summarises the current literature and meta-analyses on the early life-history stages of invertebrates including fertilisation, larval development and the implications for dispersal and settlement of populations. Although fertilisation appears robust to near future predictions of ocean acidification, larval development is much more vulnerable and across invertebrate groups, evidence indicates that the impacts may be severe. This is especially for those many marine organisms which start to calcify in their larval and/or juvenile stages. Species-specificity and variability in responses and current gaps in the literature are highlighted, including the need for studies to investigate the total effects of climate change including the synergistic impact of temperature, and the need for long-term multigenerational experiments to determine whether vulnerable invertebrate species have the capacity to adapt to elevations in atmospheric CO₂ over the next century.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.