Recent Advances in Cyclonucleosides: C-Cyclonucleosides and Spore Photoproducts in Damaged DNA

Molecules

Yuichi Yoshimura¹ 

[1] Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan

关键词: nucleosides;    cyclonuclesides;    C-cyclonucleosides;    spore photoproduct;    synthesis;    damaged DNA;    conformation;    oxidative stress;    UV;    DNA repair;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules171011630

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Cyclonucleosides which are fixed in a specific conformation around the glycosyl bond by a carbon and heteroatom chain constitute a unique category of nucleoside derivatives. Because they are structural analogs, cyclonucleosides and oligodeoxynucleotides containing them would be useful tools for investigating the biological functions and conformations of DNA, RNA as well as their steric interactions with proteins. C-Cyclonucleosides bridged by a carbon chain between the base and sugar moieties are the most attractive from the synthetic points of view as well as for use as biological tools. In this review, recent progress of the synthesis of C-cyclonucleosides is surveyed. Among the C-cyclonucleosides, 5′,8-C-cyclodeoxyadenosine is one of the well-known derivatives of which the first practical synthesis was reported over 30 years ago. Recently, 5′,8-C-cyclodeoxyadenosine has attracted considerable interest as a biomarker, since its formation in oxidatively-damaged DNA is considered to be related to various diseases and aging. Another important analogue of cyclonucleosides is a unique thymidine phosphate dimer, a so-called spore photoproduct, which has been found in photo-damaged DNA. Recent advances in the synthesis, mechanism-studies, and stereochemical preference of repairing enzymes related to 5′,8-C-cyclodeoxyadenosine and spore photoproducts are also reviewed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.