Phylogeny of Cirsium spp. in North America: Host Specificity Does Not Follow Phylogeny

Plants

Tracey A. Bodo Slotta¹  David P. Horvath² 

[1] Biology Department, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA;Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102, USA;

关键词: biological control;    Canada thistle;    Cirsium;    Cirsium arvense;    phylogeny;    thistles;    weed;   

DOI  :  10.3390/plants1020061

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Weedy invasive Cirsium spp. are widespread in temperate regions of North America and some of their biological control agents have attacked native Cirsium spp. A phylogenetic tree was developed from DNA sequences for the internal transcribed spacer and external transcribed spacer regions from native and non-native Great Plains Cirsium spp. and other thistles to determine if host specificity follows phylogeny. The monophyly of Cirsium spp. and Carduus within the tribe Cardinae was confirmed with native North American and European lineages of the Cirsium spp. examined. We did not detect interspecific hybridization between the introduced invasive and the native North American Cirsium spp. Selected host-biological control agent interactions were mapped onto the phylogenic tree derived by maximum likelihood analysis to examine the co-occurrence of known hosts with biological control agents. Within Cirsium-Cardueae, the insect biological control agents do not associate with host phylogenetic lines. Thus, more comprehensive testing of species in host-specificity trials, rather than relying on a single representative of a given clade may be necessary; because the assumption that host-specificity follows phylogeny does not necessarily hold. Since the assumption does not always hold, it will also be important to evaluate ecological factors to provide better cues for host specificity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.