Asymmetric Dimethyarginine as Marker and Mediator in Ischemic Stroke

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Shufen Chen¹  Na Li¹  Milani Deb-Chatterji¹  Qiang Dong³  Jan T. Kielstein²  Karin Weissenborn¹ 

[1] Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, Germany; E-Mails:;Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, Germany; E-Mail:;Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; E-Mail:

关键词: asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA);    symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA);    nitric oxide (NO);    nitric oxide synthase (NOS);    ischemic stroke;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ijms131215983

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, is known as mediator of endothelial cell dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Circulating ADMA levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperhomocysteinemia, age and smoking. Accordingly, clinical studies found evidence that increased ADMA levels are associated with a higher risk of cerebrovascular events. After the acute event of ischemic stroke, levels of ADMA and its analog symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are elevated through augmentation of protein methylation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, cleavage of ADMA through dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAHs) is reduced. This increase of dimethylarginines might be predictive for adverse clinical outcome. However, the definite role of ADMA after acute ischemic stroke still needs to be clarified. On the one hand, ADMA might contribute to brain injury by reduction of cerebral blood flow. On the other hand, ADMA might be involved in NOS-induced oxidative stress and excitotoxic neuronal death. In the present review, we highlight the current knowledge from clinical and experimental studies on ADMA and its role for stroke risk and ischemic brain injury in the hyperacute stage after stroke. Finally, further studies are warranted to unravel the relevance of the close association of dimethylarginines with stroke.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland.