Biological Activities and Bioavailability of Mangosteen Xanthones: A Critical Review of the Current Evidence

Nutrients

Fabiola Gutierrez-Orozco¹ 

[1] Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; E-Mail:

关键词: Garcinia mangostana;    mangosteen;    xanthones;    α-mangostin;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu5083163

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia that produces a fruit whose pericarp contains a family of tricyclic isoprenylated polyphenols referred to as xanthones. Numerous in vitro studies have shown that these xanthones possess anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities. Aggressive marketing of such health promoting benefits has resulted in mangosteen’s classification as a “superfruit”. This has led to sales of mangosteen containing beverages in USA alone exceeding $200 million in 2008 despite very limited animal and human studies. This review will (a) critically address recent reports of in vivo studies on the bioavailability and metabolism of mangosteen xanthones, (b) update the in vitro and in vivo data on anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities of mangosteen xanthones, and (c) suggest needed areas of inquiry regarding the absorption, metabolism and efficacy of mangosteen xanthones.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.