Fluctuation of Groundwater Levels and Recharge Patterns in Northern Ghana

Climate

Alexandra Lutz¹  Solomon Minyila⁴  Bansaga Saga⁴  Samuel Diarra³  Braimah Apambire¹  James Thomas¹  Monica Ionita-Scholz² 

[1] Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA; E-Mails:Division of Hydrologic Sciences, Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA;;Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Learning Center, West Africa Region, World Vision International, PO Box 12713, Niamey, Niger; E-Mail:;Ghana Integrated Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Project, World Vision Ghana, Savelugu, Ghana; E-Mails:

关键词: precipitation;    water resources;    climate;   

DOI  :  10.3390/cli3010001

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Evaluating groundwater levels and recharge patterns is part of sustainably managing the water supply and predicting the possibility of water shortages, especially in light of climate change, extreme events (floods/droughts), increasing population and development. In the northern region of Ghana, groundwater is increasingly relied upon as a source of potable water for rural populations, but seasonal and inter-annual fluctuations of groundwater levels and recharge patterns are not always known. The fluctuation of groundwater levels on a seasonal basis shows that groundwater levels at all sites increase in response to seasonal precipitation. On an annual basis, all sites show an overall net decline of groundwater levels over the study period, which may be associated with below-average departures of precipitation during five of the seven study years. The variability of recharge patterns among five sites is attributed to the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation and hydrogeologic site uniqueness. The overarching potential benefit of this study is to facilitate closing knowledge gaps and contribute to a foundation for a more robust evaluation of groundwater resources in the area, especially as more data become available.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.