A Review of Pellets from Different Sources

Materials

Teresa Miranda¹  Irene Montero²  Francisco José Sepúlveda²  José Ignacio Arranz²  Carmen Victoria Rojas²  Sergio Nogales² 

[1] Department of Mechanical Engineering, Energy and Materials, Industrial Engineering School, University of Extremadura, Av. Elvas s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;

关键词: pellets;    characterization;    standard;    biomass;    waste;    bulk density;    durability;    ultimate analysis;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ma8041413

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The rise in pellet consumption has resulted in a wider variety of materials for pellet manufacture. Thus, pellet industry has started looking for alternative products, such as wastes from agricultural activities, forestry and related industries, along with the combination thereof, obtaining a broad range of these products. In addition, the entry into force of EN ISO 17225 standard makes wood pellet market (among other types) possible for industry and household purposes. Therefore, wastes that are suitable for biomass use have recently increased. In this study, the main characteristics of ten kinds of laboratory-made pellets from different raw materials were analyzed. Thus, we have focused on the most limiting factors of quality standards that determine the suitability for biomass market, depending on the kind of pellet. The results showed considerable differences among the analyzed pellets, exceeding the limits established by the standard in almost all cases, especially concerning ash content and N and S composition. The requirements of the studied standard, very demanding for certain factors, disable the entry of these densified wastes in greater added value markets.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.