λ-Carrageenan Suppresses Tomato Chlorotic Dwarf Viroid (TCDVd) Replication and Symptom Expression in Tomatoes

Marine Drugs

Jatinder S. Sangha³  Saveetha Kandasamy³  Wajahatullah Khan⁴  Navratan Singh Bahia³  Rudra P. Singh¹  Alan T. Critchley²  Balakrishnan Prithiviraj³ 

[1]Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 850 Lincoln Rd., Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada

[2] E-Mail:

[3]Acadian Seaplants Limited, 30 Brown Avenue, Dartmouth, NS B3B 1X8, Canada

[4] E-Mail:

[5]Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 550, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada

[6] E-Mails:

[7]Basic Sciences Department, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia

[8] E-Mail:

关键词: tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd);    carrageenans;    induced resistance;   

DOI  :  10.3390/md13052875

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The effect of carrageenans on tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) replication and symptom expression was studied. Three-week-old tomato plants were spray-treated with iota(ɩ)-, lambda(λ)-, and kappa(κ)-carrageenan at 1 g·L⁻¹ and inoculated with TCDVd after 48 h. The λ-carrageenan significantly suppressed viroid symptom expression after eight weeks of inoculation, only 28% plants showed distinctive bunchy-top symptoms as compared to the 82% in the control group. Viroid concentration was reduced in the infected shoot cuttings incubated in λ-carrageenan amended growth medium. Proteome analysis revealed that 16 tomato proteins were differentially expressed in the λ-carrageenan treated plants. Jasmonic acid related genes, allene oxide synthase (AOS) and lipoxygenase (LOX), were up-regulated in λ-carrageenan treatment during viroid infection. Taken together, our results suggest that λ-carrageenan induced tomato defense against TCDVd, which was partly jasmonic acid(JA) dependent, and that it could be explored in plant protection against viroid infection.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.